Brazilian real
real(Portuguese)
Denominations
Superunit
1000	mil réis
1,000,000	conto de réis
Plural	réis
Symbol	Rs$
Banknotes
Freq. used	500, 1$000, 2$000, 5$000, 10$000, 20$000, 50$000, 100$000, 200$000, 500$000
Rarely used	30$000, 1:000$000 (conto de réis)
Coins
Freq. used	20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 1000, 2000
Rarely used	40, 80, 300, 320, 960
Demographics
Date of withdrawal	1 November 1942
Source	^[1]
Replaced by	Cruzeiro (1^st version)
User(s)	Empire of Brazil United States of Brazil(First Brazilian Republic and Vargas Dictatorship)
Issuance
Central bank	Thesouro Nacional
Printer	American Bank Note Company
Mint	Casa da Moeda do Brasil
Valuation
Inflation	1.5% (1880) 41% (1890) 13% (1900) 6% (1930)
Source	Consumer price index
This infobox shows the latest status before this currency was rendered obsolete.

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Old Brazilian Money

The official Brazilian currency since 1994 is the Brazilian real (plural reais, sign R$, code BRL). Send money online to anywhere in Brazil with Xoom. We offer direct deposits to all major banks or your recipients can pick up cash at 274 locations. Cookies help customize Xoom for you, and some are necessary to make our site work.

The first official currency of Brazil was the real (pronounced [ʁeˈaw]; pl.réis), with the symbol Rs$. As the currency of the Portuguese empire, it was in use in Brazil from the earliest days of the colonial period, and remained in use until 1942, when it was replaced by the cruzeiro.

The name 'real' was resurrected in 1994 for the new currency unit (but with the new plural form 'reais'). This currency is still in use. One modern real is equivalent to 2.75 × 10¹⁸ (2.75 quintillion) of the old réis.

The name comes from the Portuguese word real (in the sense of 'royal' or 'regal') and was borrowed from a Portuguese currency previously used in Brazil.^{[citation needed]}

The dollar-like sign in the currency's symbol (and in the symbols of all other Brazilian currencies), called cifrão in Portuguese, was always written with two vertical strokes ( ${displaystyle mathrm {S} !!!Vert }$ ) rather than one.

History[edit]

The Portuguese real was the currency used by the first Portuguesesettlers to arrive in the Americas, but the first official money to circulate bearing the name 'real' was actually printed in 1654 by the Dutch, during their occupation of part of the Brazilian Northeast.

The real was retained when Brazil became independent in 1822. It was not sub-divided in smaller units, even though it was affected by significant inflation during its long lifespan. The practical currency unit shifted from the real to the mil réis ('one thousand réis') and then to the conto de réis (one million réis, literally 'one count of réis') in the final years of the República Velha era.

Amounts under 1,000 réis were typically written prefixed by 'Rs', as in 'Rs 350'. In amounts of 1,000 réis and over, the 'Rs' remained as the prefix, but the cifrão ' ${displaystyle mathrm {S} !!!Vert }$ , a doubly stroked dollar sign, was inserted just after the thousands digit — as in 'Rs 1$712' for 1,712 réis. For amounts of one million reais and over, a colon ':' was also inserted just after the millions digit, as in 'Rs 1:020$800' for 1,020,800 réis.

In the 18th century and early 19th centuries, the gold currency was based on the 22 carat gold piece which weighed 1⁄2 ounce (14.34 grams). The standard for the silver currency varied during this period, with the 640 real coin fixed at 5⁄8 onça (17.92 grams) of .917 silver in 1806. In 1834, the peça was revalued at 10$000 réis and the silver 1$200 real coin was set at 415 grains (26.89 grams) of .917 silver. In 1846, a gold standard was established with the mil réis set at 822.076 mg gold, a 37.5% debasement from the previous standard.

After the establishment of the Republic in 1889, the value of the currency fell, with a peg of 180 mg of gold for the one thousand réis set in 1926. This was abandoned in 1933 when the mil réis was pegged to the U.S. dollar at a rate of 12$500 réis = 1 dollar. A further devaluation occurred in 1939, when it was pegged to the U.S. dollar at a rate of 22$500 réis = 1 USD. In 1942, the real was replaced by the cruzeiro, at a rate of 1$000 réis = 1 cruzeiro.

Coins[edit]

In the 1750s, copper coins were in circulation in denominations of 5, 10, 20 and 40 réis, silver coins for 75, 150, 300 and 600 réis, and gold coins for 1,000, 2,000, 4,000 and 6,400 réis. The silver coinage was reformed in 1778, with the introduction of 80, 160, 320 and 640 real coins. Between 1780 and 1782, gold 800, 1,600 and 3,200 réis were added. In 1809, older copper and silver coins were counterstamped with the Portuguese arms, doubling the value of 5, 10, 20 and 40 real pieces and increasing the value of 75, 150, 300 and 600 real coins to 80, 160, 320 and 640 réis. From 1810, Spanish 8 real coins ('Spanish dollars') were overstruck to produce 960 real coins. Copper 80 réis were introduced in 1811.

Between 1823 and 1833, the copper coinage of Brazil varied across the country, with denominations of 10, 20, 37+1⁄2, 40, 75 and 80 réis being produced. Silver coins continued in denominations of 80, 160, 320, 640 and 960 réis, along with gold 4,000 and 6,400 réis.

Between 1833 and 1835, the coinage was reformed. The copper coinage was standardized across the country, with the introduction of countermarked coins for 10, 20 and 40 réis. Silver coins were introduced in denominations of 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1,200 réis, along with gold 10,000 réis.

A further reform between 1848 and 1854 reduced the silver and gold content of the coinage, with new silver coins for 200, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 réis, and gold 5,000, 10,000 and 20,000 réis. Bronze 10 and 20 réis were introduced in 1868, followed by cupro-nickel 100 and 200 réis in 1871, bronze 40 réis in 1873 and cupro-nickel 50 réis in 1886. The 10 réis was discontinued in 1870.

In 1901, cupro-nickel 400 réis were introduced, followed by cupro-nickel 20 réis in 1918. Aluminium-bronze 500 and 1000 réis were introduced in 1922, followed by cupro-nickel 200 réis, aluminium-bronze 2,000 réis and silver 5,000 réis in 1936.

Banknotes[edit]

The earliest Brazilian paper money was issued between 1770 and 1793 by the Administração Geral dos Diamantes (Gen

History[edit]

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Coins[edit]

Banknotes[edit]